The opamp
was originally designed to carry out mathematical operations in analogue
computers, such as bombsights, but was soon recognised as having many other
applications.
The opamp usually comes in the form of an 8 pin integrated circuit, the most common one being the type 741. It has two inputs
and one output.
The opamp requires
positive and negative power supplies, together with a common ground.
If the two inputs
are joined together, then the output voltage should be midway between the
two supply rails, i.e. zero volts.
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